Other jet streams, such as the polar night jet, occur at higher altitudes.
2.
The polar night jet which exists below this, is weak in the early winter.
3.
Thus the polar night jet weakens and simultaneously becomes distorted by the growing planetary waves.
4.
However, at the outer boundary of the polar vortex, in winter, the stratospheric polar night jet exists.
5.
The degree of the mixing of polar and mid-latitude air depends on the evolution and position of the polar night jet.
6.
The plume rose to an altitude of 35 km and once there, it was rapidly blown around the globe by the polar night jet.
7.
The Northern Atlantic jet stream was also unusually strong, which was linked to an unusually strong westerly phase of the stratospheric Quasi-biennial oscillation which drove a very deep polar vortex and strong polar night jet.